Dimensional accuracy and clearance fit
Dimensional accuracy plays a key role in the design of the matching between the cylinder buffer sleeve and the cylinder piston and cylinder barrel. The outer diameter of the buffer sleeve should form an appropriate clearance fit with the inner diameter of the cylinder barrel. If the gap is too large, the buffering effect will be poor, and the gas will easily leak from the gap, making the buffering process unstable; if the gap is too small, it may cause excessive friction resistance or even jamming during the movement. Generally speaking, according to the working pressure, movement speed and other parameters of the cylinder, the radial clearance between the buffer sleeve and the cylinder barrel is usually controlled between a few threads and dozens of threads. The matching of the piston and the inner diameter of the buffer sleeve also requires precise design. The piston diameter is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the buffer sleeve to ensure that the piston can move smoothly in the buffer sleeve, and at the same time ensure that the buffer sleeve can effectively limit and buffer the piston movement during the buffering stage. The gap between the two is usually within a reasonable tolerance range, which can achieve the buffering function without affecting the normal working efficiency of the cylinder.
Surface roughness and friction characteristics
Surface roughness is an important factor affecting the friction characteristics of mating parts. The surface roughness of the cylinder piston, buffer sleeve and cylinder barrel should be matched with each other. If the surface is too rough, the friction will increase during the relative movement, which will not only consume more energy, but also cause increased wear of components and shorten the service life. If the surface is too smooth, it may affect the sealing performance and the formation of oil film, and in some cases it is not conducive to the smoothness of buffering and movement. Usually, the surface roughness of the piston and buffer sleeve is finely processed and controlled within a specific numerical range, such as Ra0.4-Ra1.6, and the roughness of the inner wall of the cylinder barrel is also matched with it, so that while ensuring good sealing and buffering effects, friction loss and wear risks can be reduced, so that the cylinder can maintain a stable and reliable working state during long-term operation.
Buffer sleeve structure and piston movement trajectory
The structural design of the buffer sleeve must fully consider the movement trajectory of the piston. The length of the buffer sleeve should be determined according to the stroke and buffering requirements of the cylinder. It is necessary to ensure that when the piston enters the buffering stage, the buffer sleeve can provide sufficient buffering stroke to make the piston decelerate smoothly until it stops. In addition, the internal structure of the buffer sleeve, such as the shape, size and layout of the buffer chamber, will also affect the force of the piston during the buffering process. For example, the use of a multi-stage buffer chamber structure can gradually absorb the kinetic energy of the piston, making the buffering process smoother and gentler. When designing, the concentricity and verticality of the piston during movement must also be considered to avoid uneven contact with the buffer sleeve due to piston deflection, thereby affecting the buffering effect and the service life of the components. By optimizing the matching of the buffer sleeve structure and the piston movement trajectory, the buffering performance of the buffer sleeve can be maximized and the impact and vibration during the cylinder movement can be reduced.
Sealing and lubrication design
In the matching of the cylinder buffer sleeve with the piston and the cylinder barrel, sealing and lubrication design are indispensable. Good sealing can prevent gas leakage, ensure the stability of the working pressure of the cylinder, and thus ensure the reliability of the buffering effect. Usually, suitable seals, such as rubber sealing rings, are used between the piston and the buffer sleeve and between the buffer sleeve and the cylinder barrel. The material, shape and size of the seal should be selected according to factors such as working pressure, temperature and medium. At the same time, in order to reduce friction and wear, a reasonable lubrication design is required. An appropriate amount of grease can be applied to the surface of the buffer sleeve and the piston, or lubricating oil mist can be added to the air inlet of the cylinder, so that the lubricating oil can be evenly distributed to the mating surface during movement to form an oil film, reduce the friction coefficient, improve the smoothness and durability of the fit between the buffer sleeve, the piston and the cylinder, extend the service life of the entire cylinder system, and ensure its stable and efficient operation.
